We report the fabrication of novel multiferroic nanostructured bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) fibers using the sol–gel based electrospinning technique. Phase pure BiFeO3 fibers were prepared by thermally annealing the electrospun BiFeO3/polyvinylpyrrolidone composite fibers in air for 1 h at 600 °C. The x-ray diffraction pattern of the fibers (BiFeO3) obtained showed that their crystalline structures were rhombohedral perovskite structures. Both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed that the BiFeO3 fibers were composed of fine grained microstructures. The grains were self-assembled and self-organized to yield dense and continuous fibrous structures. The magnetic hysteresis loops of these nanostructured fibers displayed the expected ferromagnetic behavior, whereby a coercivity of ~ 250 Oe and a saturation magnetization of ~ 1.34 emu g − 1 were obtained. The ferroelectricity and ferroelectric domain structures of the fibers were confirmed using piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). The piezoelectric hysteresis loops and polar domain switching behavior of the fibers were examined. Such multiferroic fibers are significant for electroactive applications and nano-scale devices.
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机译：我们报告了使用基于溶胶-凝胶的静电纺丝技术制造的新型多铁性纳米结构的铋铁氧体（BiFeO3）纤维。通过将电纺BiFeO3 /聚乙烯吡咯烷酮复合纤维在空气中于600°C下热退火1小时，可以制备纯相BiFeO3纤维。所获得的纤维（BiFeO 3）的X射线衍射图表明，其晶体结构是菱形钙钛矿结构。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）图像均显示BiFeO3纤维由细晶粒的微观结构组成。晶粒是自组装和自组织的，以产生致密和连续的纤维结构。这些纳米结构纤维的磁滞回线显示出预期的铁磁性能，从而获得了约250 Oe的矫顽力和约1.34 emu g -1的饱和磁化强度。使用压电响应力显微镜（PFM）确认了纤维的铁电和铁电畴结构。检查了压电的磁滞回线和纤维的极性域切换行为。这样的多铁纤维对于电活性应用和纳米级装置是重要的。
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